Lesson One

 

 

在文单的头三段里，作者以相同的手法描写了三位摇滚歌星的表演盛况。青少年把他们视为偶像，赞美不绝，而成年观众则觉得他们恶心，难以心爱，这反映了青少年和成人社会对摇滚乐截然不同的态度。

 

 

In the first three paragraphs, the author describes the wonderful performance of three rock superstars by the same means. Teenagers see them as icons, praising them endlessly, while adult viewers reject them as sick, which shows the different attitudes towards rock music by teenagers and adults.

 

 

背诵：

 

 

How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship? When Mick Jagger’s fans look at him as a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? Do you think he – or Dylan – is misguided? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he asts out your wildest fantasies?

 

 

 

 

Lesson Two

 

 

正如本课中所说的，他们当中有些人脱离传统的社会活动，拒绝承担任何社会责任，过着颓废的寄生生活；有些人逃离城市，跑到偏僻的乡间过着原始公社式的生活；有些人则试图以暴力手段改变社会状况，遭到了残酷的镇压。作者认为只有一点一点地改良社会才是青年人应走的道路。

 

 

As stated in the text, some of them drop out, rejecting any social responsibility, leading a parasitic life. Others escape from the city to the remote countryside for a primitive life; still others try to reform the society by force, only to be crushed down brutally. According to the writter the only way for the young people is to reform the society piecemeally.

 

 

Recite:

 

 

第五段（II Flee………………………flowing the other way）

 

 

 

 

Lesson Three

 

 

女孩由于不懂白喉之可怕，不愿被医生发现自己的病情而抗拒医生的检查。而医生作出这一反应是出自社会责任心，也是自身的权威及尊严受到挑战的结果。

 

 

Unware of the harm of diphtheria, the little girl was unwilling to be discovered so that declined to be examined by the doctor. While the doctor responded as a result of social responsibility and the challenge to his authority and dignity.

 

 

 

 

Lesson Four

 

 

安乐死分主动和被动两种。前者是医生给病人打一针致命的针剂，让病人结束痛苦并死去。后者是医生不采取任何措施，让病人死亡。被动安乐死是许多国家所接受的。如果用法律形式确认安乐死的合法性，就可能为谋死开绿灯。

 

 

Mercy-killing can be categorized into two groups – active and passive ones. The former is to give a fatal injection to the patient, letting him end his pains and die; the latter is to let the patient die withholding any medical treatment, which is accepted by many countries. If a legal framework of euthonsia is confirmed, the precedent for killing will probably be set up.

 

 

Recite:

 

 

第三段：（In January ………………….in those circumstances）

 

 

 

 

Lesson Five

 

 

本文作者是第一位当选为美国国会议员的黑人妇女。她以自己的亲身经历指出，美国社会不仅存在着严重的种族歧视，更存在着严重的性别歧视，美国妇女在政治、经济和社会生活各个方面均受到不公正、不平等的待遇。

 

 

Being the first black woman elected into American Congress, the writer based on her own experience, pointed out that not only serious racial discrimination but also sexual prejudice exists in American society, and that American women are treated unfairly and unequally in every aspect of social life such as politics, economy and so on.

 

 

Recite:

 

 

第六段（It is still women……………..chairman votes）

 

 

 

 

Lesson Six

 

 

故事的主人公、年轻的印第安人喜鹊的思想也产生了很大变化，他从向往到大学学习、进入主流社会，发展到积极参加民权运动、抗议政府对印第安人的歧视。

 

 

The hero, Magpie—the young Indian, also underwent great ideological changes. He shifted from longing to study at college and entering the main stream of the society to taking an active role in the Civil Rights Movement and protesting government’s prejudice againt Indians.

 

 

Recite:

 

 

41-42段（But the silence………..they shot him）

 

 

 

 

Lesson Seven

 

 

布里尔小姐是英国人，独自生活在法国，靠教几个孩子英语、给病人做伴谋生。她是个老姑娘，孤独、敏感，很容易受得伤害。

 

 

Miss Brill, an English lady, lives alone in , supporting herself by teaching children English and keeping company with the sick. As an old spinster, she is lonely, sensitive and easily hurt.

 

 

Recite: 第一段

 

 

 

 

Lesson Eight

 

 

这篇课文叙述的是一个黑人女孩的故事，反映的却是一个重要的事实：黑人认识到了自己的天才、智慧和力量。

 

 

This text tells a story about a black girl , reflecting an important fact—black people have realized their talent, wisdom and strength.

 

 

Recite:

 

 

25段（I have tried……………….my selflessness）

 

 

 

 

Lesson Nine

 

 

他认为电视鼓励人们不去集中注意力，让人们在无痛苦中消磨时间；电视的新闻节目没有深度，不能很好地进行思想交流；电视对文化水平的下降和读写能力危机的出现具有不可低估的影响；电视对美国和世界的各种复杂情况推销简单的解决方式等等。

 

 

According to him, TV discourages concentration and lets the time pass without pain; besides, the news lacks depth resulting in inefficient communication; moreover, it is responsible for decivilizing and crisis of literacy, which can not be underestimated; it also sells a neat solution to the complicated problems both in and in the world.

 

 

Recite:

 

 

10-11段（Everthing about this…………….a medium for selling）

 

 

 

 

Lesson Ten

 

 

哪三个人该去死？牢房内展开了激烈的争论。有的说，谁老谁先去死，因为这是自然规律。有的说，未婚者应先死，因为他们没有家庭责任。最后大家一致同意抽签：谁抽中死签，谁先死。

 

 

Which three should die? There was a heated argument in the cell. Some said the oldest first, for it’s the way of nature. Others said unmarried first, for they have no responsibilities. Finally they all agreed to draw lots—“whoever draws the death slip will die.”

 

 

Recite:

 

 

第30段（From that point ………………………snatched another）

 

 

 

 

Lesson Eleven

 

 

作者认为，人生活在矛盾中，惟有幽默能使人解脱矛盾。文章用幽默的笔调讽刺那些“头一碰枕头就入睡的人”。他说，这种人虽有“铁一般的意志”，却缺乏人情味。而失眠者却正是一些充满了人情味、同情心，有思想深度的人。

 

 

According to the writer, prople are living in contradictions which can only be dissolved by humor. In a humorous tone, he ironies those “as soon as my head touches the pillow,” who lack human touch though with “iron wills.” However, victims of insomnia are people with humanity, sympathy and depth.

 

 

Recite:第一段

 

 

 

 

Lesson Twelve

 

 

奥威尔认为，作家在创作时应该把政治内容和美好艺术形式融合为一个有机的整体，使政治性文章成为一种艺术。他反对现代主义作家一味探索人物内心世界的做法。

 

 

In writing a writer should fuse the political ideas and the aesthetic form into an integrity, making a political article a kind of art. He objects modernists extreme exploration into the inner world of characters.

 

 

Recite：第9段((2)Aesthetic enthusiam……….to be missed)

 

 

 

 

Lesson Thirteen

 

 

他认为人无论做什么工作都比终日无所事事要好。除了可以防止产生无聊感，工作为人们提供了成功的机会和实现抱负的可能。人生幸福与否和是否从事建设性的工作有直接关系。

 

 

According to him, whatever work people do is better than idleness. Apart from relief of tedium, work provides people with opportunities of success and possibilities of realizing ambition. And whether you are happy is directly related to whether you are engaged in constructive work.

 

 

Recite:第2段

 

 

 

 

Lesson Fourteen

 

 

他写此文的目的是要唤起美国人民的反战情绪，指出美国政府的政策是造成战争悲剧的根源。同时他也向美国人民陈述了退伍军人反对越南战争的原因，以及他们准备采取的行动。

 

 

This article aims to arouse Americans anti-war emotion, pointing out that the policy of the Administration is the root cause of the war crimes, and stating the reasons why veterans are against the Vietnam war and what they are giong to do.

 

 

背诵第三段。

 

 

 

 

Lesson Fifteen

 

 

在文章的第一部分，作者描述了欧美妇女注重美容的事实；在第二部分作者分析了形成现代社会对美貌狂热崇拜的原因；在第三部分中，作者指出从某种意义上来说，这种对外在美的追求能达到一定的目的；在第四部分中，作者笔锋一转，提出了什么是真正的美的问题，阐述了心灵美的重要性。在全文最后一段中作者提出了人类能够真正实现美的条件不是化妆品，而是社会制度。

 

 

In the first section, the writer describes the fact of European women’s preoccupation with beautification. In the second section, an analysis is given on the reason why there is a modern cult of beruty. In the third section, he points out that this craze over outward beauty can achieve something in a sense. In the fourth section, with the change of his tone, the writer raises the question of what true beauty is, stating the importance of inword beauty. In the final section, he holds that it’s the social system not the painting that realizes human’s beauty.

 

 

背诵第5段。

 

 

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